WASHINGTON (Reuters) -U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin told Congress on Tuesday that the Afghan army\u2019s sudden collapse caught the Pentagon \u201cby surprise,\u201d as military leaders confronted a contentious Senate hearing about how and why America lost its longest war.<\/p>\n
Republican lawmakers accused President Joe Biden of lying about recommendations from his military that some troops should be kept in Afghanistan. Even Biden’s Democrats expressed frustration with a chaotic withdrawal here that left U.S. troops dead and American citizens behind.<\/p>\n
Biden\u2019s approval ratings have been badly damaged by last month\u2019s spectacular collapse of the two-decade war effort, with painful images of Afghans clinging desperately to a U.S. military plane as they tried to escape Taliban rule.<\/p>\n
Thirteen U.S. troops also died in an Aug. 26 suicide bombing here trying to safeguard the evacuation effort that, ultimately, relied on support from the militant Islamist Taliban, a long-time U.S. foe.<\/p>\n
General Mark Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and General Frank McKenzie of U.S. Central Command also acknowledged being caught off-guard by the speed of the Taliban takeover and collapse of the U.S.-backed government in Kabul.<\/p>\n
It was their first public congressional testimony since the Taliban won the war in August.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe fact that the Afghan army we and our partners trained simply melted away \u2013 in many cases without firing a shot \u2013 took us all by surprise,\u201d Austin, a former four-star general who served in Afghanistan, told the Senate Armed Services Committee.<\/p>\n
\u201cIt would be dishonest to claim otherwise.\u201d<\/p>\n
McKenzie and Milley testified that they had believed it would have been best to keep a minimum of 2,500 troops in the country. In an August interview here, Biden denied his commanders had recommended that, saying: “No. No one said that to me that I can recall.”<\/p> Republican Senator Joni Ernst said Biden\u2019s decision to keep former President Donald Trump\u2019s unconditional withdrawal agreement with the Taliban had squandered U.S. sacrifices for what he thought would be \u201ca cheap political victory.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cThe loss of our service members, and abandonment of Americans and Afghan allies last month was an unforced, disgraceful humiliation that didn\u2019t have to happen,\u201d Ernst said.<\/p>\n Senator James Inhofe, the panel\u2019s top Republican, described it as a \u201chorror of the president\u2019s own making.\u201d<\/p>\n White House spokesperson Jen Psaki said Biden\u2019s military experts had provided \u201ca range of viewpoints\u201d about Afghanistan, and that Biden believed leaving troops there would \u201cmean war with the Taliban.\u201d<\/p>\n Milley, the top U.S. military officer, noted military warnings since late 2020 that an accelerated, unconditional withdrawal could precipitate the collapse of the Afghan military and government.<\/p>\n \u201cThat was a year ago. My assessment remained consistent throughout,\u201d Milley said.<\/p>\n \u2018WHY DON\u2019T YOU RESIGN?\u2019<\/p>\n Republican Senator Tom Cotton asked Milley why, if everything he said was true, he didn\u2019t resign his position.<\/p> Milley pushed back strongly, saying a U.S. president does not have to agree with the advice of his generals. \u201cThis country doesn\u2019t want generals figuring out what orders we are going to accept and do or not. That\u2019s not our job,\u201d Milley said.<\/p>\n Austin, Milley and senators – many of whom oversaw the war effort for years – seemed full of questions about what went wrong, citing failures to appreciate the impact of corruption and damaged morale in the ranks.<\/p>\n \u201cThere\u2019s a series of strategic lessons to be learned,\u201d Milley said.<\/p>\n Democrats faulted Republicans for blaming Biden, who has been president since January, for everything that went wrong during the 20 years U.S. troops have been in Afghanistan, including under Trump.<\/p>\n \u201cAnyone who says the last few months were a failure, but everything before that was great, clearly hasn\u2019t been paying attention,\u201d Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren said.<\/p>\n Much of the hearing was devoted to Republicans’ questions about Milley’s interviews with Bob Woodward here and other reporters for books on the chaotic last months the former president was in the White House.<\/p>\n Austin praised U.S. personnel who helped airlift 124,000 people out of the country.<\/p>\n But Milley acknowledged that while the evacuation effort was a logistical accomplishment, the withdrawal was a \u201cstrategic defeat\u201d that left the Taliban back in power.<\/p>\n He warned the Taliban \u201cremains a terrorist organization\u201d which has not broken ties with al Qaeda.<\/p>\n A reconstituted al Qaeda in Afghanistan with aspirations to attack the United States was \u201ca very real possibility\u201d – perhaps in as little as a year, he said.<\/p>\n That warning is likely to unsettle lawmakers, who are skeptical of the Pentagon\u2019s ability to quickly respond to al Qaeda and Islamic State threats.<\/p>\n Austin defended plans to address future counterterrorism threats from overseas after a botched drone strike here killed 10 Afghan civilians last month.<\/p>\n \u201cOver-the-horizon operations are difficult but absolutely possible. And the intelligence that supports them comes from a variety of sources, not just U.S. boots on the ground,\u201d Austin said.<\/p>\n